Ukuba zimbini iimveliso ezigcina ifayile ye ukufana okuthile phakathi kwabo Ngokuqinisekileyo ezi ziimali ezihlangeneyo kunye ne-ETF ezibizwa ngokuba yimali yokuthengisa. Ubume babo abukhange butshintshe kwaye eyona nto bahluke ngayo yipotifoliyo yeeasethi zemali ezenziwa zezi mveliso zombini. Eyokuqala kuzo, oko kukuthi, iimali zotyalo-mali ziyimodeli esekwe kwinto yokuba zibunjwe njengeziko lotyalo-mali elihlangeneyo, eliquka ukudibanisa iimali ezivela kubatyali mali abohlukeneyo, bendalo okanye zomthetho. Ngenjongo efanayo, ekungekho enye ngaphandle kokutyala imali kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo okanye kwiiasethi zemali.
Ngelixa ngokuchaseneyo, ii-ETFs okanye iimali ezithengiswayo zothengiso ngumxube othile phakathi kweemali kunye kunye nokuthengwa kunye nokuthengiswa kwezabelo kwiimarike zezabelo. Nangona kuyinyani ukuba nge iikhomishini ezikhuphisana ngakumbi ukulungiselela umdla wabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Kukuminye imiba okwahluka kuyo yomibini imveliso kwaye kulapho siza kugxila kumxholo weli nqaku kutyalo-mali lokonga.
Okokuqala, ukugxininisa ukuba imali yotyalo-mali, ukuvela kwe-equity ngo-Epreli kwakulungile kuninzi lwamacandelo, ngokweedatha zamva nje ezinikezwe nguMbutho wamaZiko okuTyala aManyeneyo kunye neNgxowa-mali yoMhlala-phantsi (Inverco). Ngaphandle kwengeniso esisigxina (ukunyuswa kwamasheya enyanga kucaciswe ikakhulu kukutshintshelwa kolu luhlu lwemali ezahluka-hlukeneyo, emva kokupapashwa yi-CNMV yesetyhula entsha yobizo), kunye nengeniso edibeneyo eyahlukileyo (apho ukwanda kwemali kuye kwaba negalelo Ukutshintshela kolu bizo lwengxowa-mali enkulu yemali esisigxina exubeneyo), the iimali zehlabathi kunye neengxowa-mali zamazwe ngamazwe Bakhokele ukukhula kwevolumu yeeasethi nge-751 kunye ne-656 yezigidi zeerandi, ngokwahlukeneyo.
Ixesha elifutshane elijolise kwi-ETFs
Olunye umahluko ophawuleka kakhulu phakathi kweemodeli ezimbini zotyalo-mali kukuba imali yokurhweba ngokutshintshiselana ifanelekileyo ngakumbi kwikota elifutshane. Ngokungafaniyo neengxowa mali zotyalo-mali ezijolise kumaxesha amade okanye azinzileyo okusisigxina. Ukuze intsebenzo yayo ihlengahlengiswe kulindeleke kubaphathi ngokwabo, kuzwelonke nakwamanye amazwe. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uyithathele ingqalelo le nto ukuze ungenzi iimpazamo ngexesha elibekiweyo apho zombini iimodeli zolondolozo zijolise kuzo.
Ngelixa kwelinye icala, kufuneka kugxininiswe ngoku ekubeni imali yotyalo-mali ijolise kuyo ixesha elifutshane kakhulu lokuhlala abahlangabezani nolindelo lwento abayenzileyo. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba azinangeniso kwaye zinokukhokelela kwilahleko ebonakalayo kwipotifoliyo yezi mveliso zezezimali. Le yinto eyenzeka rhoqo kubatyali zimali abancinci nabaphakathi abangazaziyo iimeko zokungena kwezi modeli kutyalo-mali.
Ulwahlulo lweeasethi eziyimali
Elinye icandelo elahlulahlula zombini iimveliso zezemali lelo linento yokwenza ne ukwenziwa kwepotifoliyo yakho kwezokhuseleko okanye iiasethi eziyimali. Oku kule ndlela kuba kwii-ETFs utyalo-mali luhlala luqhutywa kwiasethi enye yezemali. Inokuba yeyendalo eyahlukileyo: ingeniso esisigxina, amasheya, izinto ezingavuthi okanye isinyithi esixabisekileyo. Ukuze ngale ndlela ugxile kwimarike enye, ngaphandle kokwahlulahlula isindululo sotyalo mali. Ngale ndlela, kuyafana nokuthenga kunye nokuthengisa izabelo kwimarike yemasheya kunakwimali yotyalo-mali ngokwabo.
Ngelixa ngokuchaseneyo, imali yotyalo-mali inesidima esinokulingana ii-asethi ezahlukeneyo zemali. Ayisiyiyo kuphela kwii-equity, kodwa ikwavela nakwingeniso esisigxina okanye nakwiimodeli ezizezinye ezinobuchule. Ukuze ngale ndlela, ubekwisimo sokugcina ikapitali yakho ngaphezulu kokunye ukujongana nomsindo. Ayothusi into yokuba umngcipheko uncitshiswe kakhulu ngesicwangciso esikhethekileyo sokutyala imali. Ukuba, ngokufutshane, yenye yeempawu zayo ezifanelekileyo kwaye ezahlula kwezinye iimveliso zezemali.
IiKhomishini kunye nenkcitho kulawulo lwayo
Kuzo zombini iimeko, ukusebenza kwabo kubandakanya inkcitho kulawulo nokugcinwa kwayo. Oko kunokufikelela kwiipesenti ezi-3 zexabiso elipheleleyo elityaliweyo. Kodwa ngelixa kutyalo mali yingxowa-mali eyandisiweyo enokuthi ivelise iikhomishini ezininzi: ulawulo, idiphozithi okanye okokugqibela ukuvela njengoko kubizwa ngokuba yimpumelelo. Apho kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha eyona mali inexabiso eliphantsi ngaphakathi kweemveliso ezineempawu ezifanayo. Njengefomyula yokuqulatha okanye ubuncinci ukunciphisa ezi ndleko zisisinyanzelo.
Ngelixa kwelinye icala, ii-ETFs okanye iimali zokurhweba ezitshintshisanayo zibonakaliswa ngokusisiseko ngokubandakanya iikhomishini ezithambileyo kutyalo-mali oluseleyo okanye iimodeli zokugcina. Ngamaxabiso eneneni inokucingelwa ngabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Ngaphandle kwezinye izinto zobuchwephesha ezinokuchaphazela ukhetho lwezi mveliso zemali. Ke ngale ndlela, ukonga kule misebenzi kunokukhuthazwa ukusukela ngoku.
Ukulibazisa ukuthenga nokuthengisa
Kwizinto abazenzayo ziyahambelana, zombini utyalomali kunye neengxowa-mali ezidwelisiweyo kukuba imisebenzi yokuthenga kunye nentengiso ayenzeki kwangoko. Ukuba akunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, bahlala ngokwasemzimbeni kwiintsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu zokuphehlelela ii-odolo ezifanelekileyo. Lo mbandela uyakhuthaza ukuthengiswa akubikho kwangoko Kwiakhawunti yokonga, kuyakufuneka ukuba ulinde imali ukuba iye kwiakhawunti yangoku.
Ke ngoko, ayizizo iintshukumo ezifanelekileyo ukwenza ngokukhawuleza okukhulu kunye nemisebenzi engaphuhliswanga kangako ngemini enye. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu, kuba utyalo-mali alunakubhatala kwithuba elifutshane. Apho utyalomali kunqabile ukuba lube kwindawo yokuxabisa ngaphezulu kwe-1%. Into engenzeki ngokuqinisekileyo ngeentshukumo eziqhutywa kwiimarike zesitokhwe.