Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, Ukubiwa kweentambo zobhedu kuye kwaba yingxaki ekhulayo eSpeyin, ezichaphazela iziseko zophuhliso ezisisiseko ezifana nothutho lukaloliwe kunye nothutho lombane. Ityala lamva nje kumgca wesantya esiphezulu eMadrid-Seville, apho amawaka abakhweli abanjwe kukuxhwilwa kwangaxeshanye kwiindawo ezininzi eToledo, kuphinde kwabeka le nto embindini wengxoxo yentlalontle. Ulawulo nolawulo lweziseko ezingundoqo nokubalwa kwazo Kubalulekile ukuqonda ifuthe lezoqoqosho nezentlalo zolu lwaphulo-mthetho.
Zisebenza njani iinethiwekhi zobusela bobhedu
El Ubusela bobhedu ayiselotyala elincinane okanye elizimeleyo. Namhlanje, obu busela busoloko buqhutywa ngamaqela emigulukudu acwangcisa uhlaselo lwawo ngokweenkcukacha. Ngokutsho kwamapolisa kunye nemithombo yombutho, abaphuli-mthetho bafunda ezona ndawo zibuthathaka kakhulu kwiziseko ezingundoqo, ngokufuthi iindawo ekunzima ukuzijonga okanye ezinokhuseleko olulambathayo, ukwenza uhlaselo lwazo ngemizuzu nje embalwa.
Kanye ibiwe, Ubhedu olubiweyo luyahluthwa kwaye luthengiselwe ngokukhawuleza kubaqhubi abangekho mthethweni.. Indawo yokugqibela idla ngokuba yiMpuma Yurophu okanye amachweba afana neRotterdam, ukusuka apho intsimbi isiya eAsia, ngakumbi iTshayina, apho imfuno ingenakunqandeka. Ixabiso lemarike emnyama lingadlula i-euro ezili-10.000 ngetoni nganye., nto leyo eyenza ishishini libe nengeniso egqithisileyo kula migewu.
ISpain, njengamanye amazwe aseYurophu, ithwaxwa yile nto ngenxa yothungelwano lukaloliwe olubanzi kunye nokusetyenziswa kobhedu lwasekhaya. Ubukho beemafia ezisuka kumazwe afana neRomania, Bulgaria, kunye nePoland, ezigxile kubusela kunye nokuthunyelwa kwesinyithi ngaphandle ngokungekho mthethweni, komeleza inqanaba lehlabathi lolwaphulo-mthetho.
Impembelelo ethe ngqo: ukucima okukhulu, isiphithiphithi kunye nezigidi kwilahleko
Las Iziphumo zobu busela aziguquleli kuphela kwilahleko yezoqoqosho kwiinkampani ezichaphazelekayo; Impembelelo yayo kwezentlalo ikhawuleza kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iyamangalisa. Ubusela obulungelelanisiweyo bamacandelo amaninzi entambo kumgca weMadrid-Seville AVE ekuqaleni kukaMeyi 2025, umzekelo, ushiye ngaphezulu koololiwe abangama-30 ngaphandle kwenkonzo kwaye kwachaphazela abakhweli abangaphezu kwe-10.000 ngexesha lokubuya.
Kulo mcimbi, La masela ebe malunga neemitha ezingama-300 zobhedu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo eToledo, ebeka esichengeni imiqondiso kaloliwe neenkqubo zokhuseleko. Oololiwe kwafuneka babaleke ngesantya esincitshisiweyo okanye bamiswe, abakhweli abaninzi bachitha ubusuku bonke bekhwele ngaphandle kombane okanye izinto ezisisiseko, kwaye imeko yesiqhelo ayizange ibuyiselwe kwade kwangentseni.
Ezi zenzo zokonakalisa ziyadala umonakalo omkhulu kubemi: ukurhoxiswa kohambo, ubumelwane obumnyama, umonakalo wesibhedlele, kunye nobungozi kukhuseleko loluntu. Ngaphezu koko, ukulungisa umonakalo kudla ngokufuna ungenelelo oluntsonkothileyo nolubiza imali eninzi, ukuhlanganisa amaqela amaninzi obugcisa.
Kutheni ubhedu lunomtsalane kangaka kumasela?
El Ubhedu lunqwenelwa kakhulu ngenxa yeempawu zalo zomzimba (i-conductor egqwesileyo kunye nokumelana nomhlwa) kwaye ngenxa yokuba ifikeleleka ngakumbi kunezinye iintsimbi ezinemisebenzi efanayo, njengesilivere. Ukunyuka kwexabiso layo kumazwe ngamazwe kunye nokulula kokuyibeka kwiimarike zangaphandle kwenza ubusela bube yinto ekhethwayo. inenzuzo kakhulu kwimibutho yolwaphulo-mthetho. Ukuqonda ngcono imeko yemarike, unokubonisana ukubuyiswa kunye nentsingiselo yemarike yobhedu.
Ngokutsho kweSpanish Federation of Recovery and Recycling, Ubhedu olubiweyo lumele malunga ne-1% yetotali esetyenzisiweyo eSpain.. Imigulukudu elungelelanisiweyo ihambisa isixa esikhulu semali, ngoxa ubusela obuncinane ngokufuthi bungumsebenzi weengcuka zodwa. Izohlwayo eziphantsi kunye nokucupha okulinganiselweyo kweziseko ezingundoqo kukhulisa umngcipheko.
Ukusabela kwamapolisa kunye nezisombululo ezicetywayo
El Ukwanda kwezi ziqendu kukhokelele imikhosi yokhuseleko ukuba iqinise uphando kunye nokucupha., ukuphumeza ukuthinjwa amawaka eetoni zobhedu olubiweyo kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Nangona kunjalo, iingcali zikholelwa ukuba isisombululo sifuna indlela ebanzi: ukuqiniswa kwezohlwayo, ukwanda kotyalo-mali kwiinkqubo zokucupha iividiyo, ukuzaliswa ngokukhawuleza kwezixhobo, kunye nokulawulwa ngokungqongqo kweendlela zokuhlaziya kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle.
Amazwe afana neSkotlani akwazile ukunciphisa kakhulu olu lwaphulo-mthetho ngokuphatha ubusela bobhedu njengolwaphulo-mthetho olucwangcisiweyo kunye nezohlwayo ezinzima. ESpain, imibutho yamapolisa kunye neengcali zemizi mveliso zifuna amanyathelo afanayo, kunye nemigaqo elandelwayo yokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kubemi.
Indima yeemafia zamazwe ngamazwe
Uphando lukhomba amaqela ezaphuli-mthetho amiselweyo asuka eMpuma Yurophu, njengeyona nto inoxanduva lokugcinwa kwempahla enkulu yobhedu olubiweyo. La maqela alawula yonke le nkqubo, ukusuka kubusela ukuya kumazwe angaphandle, ethatha ithuba lemikroba esemthethweni kunye nokungabikho kolungelelwaniso lwamazwe ngamazwe. Ukufumana ukuqonda okunzulu malunga nendlela le mibutho esebenza ngayo, kunokuba luncedo ukudibana imbuyekezo yemali evela kwimisebenzi enxulumene nentsimbi engekho mthethweni.
Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwemikhosi yamapolisa kumazwe ahlukeneyo kubalulekile, njengoko imarike engekho mthethweni isebenza kwihlabathi jikelele kwaye imveliso inokuwela imida emininzi ngexesha elifutshane.
Ukubiwa kwentambo yobhedu yinto edlula inqanaba lendawo: Yingxaki yehlabathi ephenjelelwa ziimfuno zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nobugocigoci bothungelwano lolwaphulo-mthetho.. Impendulo kufuneka iphelele, igxile ekuthinteleni, ekutshutshisweni kolwaphulo-mthetho, kunye nentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe ukunqanda olu lwaphulo-mthetho.